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ful technique due to its simplicity and flexibility in choosing the numerical aperture and dimensions. In this paper, we review the main aspects of the ion- exchange process as it relates to the forma- tion of single -mode and multimode planar and two -dimensional waveguides in glass. The review covers the main features of
con, waveguide dimensions are well defined by the lithography and etching processes. For ion-exchanged waveguides this is not the case, as the guides exert a mu- tual influence upon each otherХs development during processing. In light of this fact, it is often necessary to model the ion exchange of multiple guides
Front view of glass die showing two back-lit waveguides. 250 µm glass. • A transfer waveguide provides mode-size conversion. • Tapering the width of the silicon waveguide relaxes tolerance on mode effective index and interaction length. • The transfer waveguide can be in glass or polymer. • Polymer benefits: mechanical
“Optical waveguides formed by thermal migration of ions in glass,” Glass substrate is a good host for active ions, and is Ion Exchange. Process Modeling. Solving the Diffusion Equation. The most common situation requires solution in two (transverse) dimensions only - slow variation of waveguide geometry in the.
Optical waveguides with copper film ion-exchange in glass. Author(s):. Lehky, Jan Marc .. from EXFO, for providing me the refracted near-field measurements. Y por ultimo, pero no menos . left axis) and total bus capacity (solid line, left axis) as a function of time and transistor size for high performance systems. [9].
the taper, which enables the use of the taper as a collimating element in planar integrated optics. For experimental verification, tapered waveguides were formed by K+-Na+ ion exchange in glass. A linear taper with an angle of 0.08 degrees has an output beam of 40 mu m width with a divergence angle of 1.13 degrees .
10 Mar 2006 A systematic study of thermal silver ion exchange used for the fabrication of optical channel waveguides is reported in a waveguides. A 1.6 cm diameter integrated optic ring resonator, with a propagation loss of 0.1 dBcm, is fabricated in a glass by thermal silver ion exchange. .. of our measurements.
originally in glass by other ions with different size and polarizability, a change of refractive index in selected regions is achieved, allow- ing patterning of waveguiding regions into planar substrates. Several reviews3–9 on ion-exchanged waveguide technology and thousands of research papers connected to it have been.
tion, high homogeneity and compact size. More and more, design flexibility, a high transparency over a wide spectral range, long term stability and polarization proper- ties become an issue. The fabrication of planar integrated waveguides by ion exchange in glass is a purely monolithic approach. The fact that.
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